First-in-human quantum entanglement imaging
P. Moskal, D. Kumar, S. Sharma, E.Y. Beyene, N. Chug, C. Curceanu, E. Czerwiński, A. Dalvi, M. Das, A. Hubalewska-Dydejczyk, S. Jalali, K. Kacprzak, T. Kaplanoglu, Ł. Kapłon, K. Kasperska, A. Khreptak, G. Korcyl, T. Kozik, S. Kumar Kundu, A. Kunimmal Venadan, B. Leszczyński, E. Lisowski, F. Lisowski, J. Mędrala-Sowa, S. Moyo, W. Mryka, S. Niedźwiecki, M. Opalińska, A. Pandey, P. Pandey, A. Porcelli, B. Rachwał, M. Skurzok, A. Sowa-Staszczak, T. Szumlak, S. Tiwari, P. Tanty, K.T. Ardebili, K.V. Eliyan, E.Ł. Stępień
abstract
Annihilation photons are quantum-entangled in polarization, a phenomenon that has not been exploited in medical diagnostics so far. We present the first in vivo imaging of the degree of quantum entanglement of photons originating from positron-electron annihilation within a human subject. This study utilized the Jagiellonian Positron Emission Tomography (J-PET) scanner, constructed from plastic scintillators. In plastics, annihilation photons interact primarily via the Compton effect, which provides simultaneous information regarding the photon interaction position and time, as well as the photon polarization plane. The patient was injected with a DOTA-TATE radiopharmaceutical labeled with the 68Ga radionuclide. Using the J-PET scanner, we determined the image of the radiopharmaceutical uptake and, simultaneously, the image of the degree of quantum entanglement. The latter was determined from the relative angle between the polarization planes of the annihilation photons. The values of the degree of quantum entanglement extracted for the liver and the spleen are smaller than those predicted for maximally entangled two-photon states, yet larger than expected for separable photons. This demonstration opens new perspectives for the application of quantum entanglement in clinical diagnostics.
Monte Carlo-Based Scatter Correction for the Plastic Based Modular PET Scanner J-PET
R. Bayerlein†, M. Das†, S. Sharma, R. D. Badawi, E. Y. Beyene, N. Chug, C. Curceanu, E. Czerwiński, K. V. Eliyan, J. Hajduga, A. Hubalewska-Dydejczyk, S. Jalali, K. Kacprzak, T. Kaplanoglu, Ł. Kapłon, K. Kasperska, A. Khreptak, G. Korcyl, T. Kozik, K. Kubat, S. K. Kundu, A. K. Venadan, D. Kumar, E. Lisowski, F. Lisowski, J. Mędrala-Sowa, S. Moyo, W. Mryka, S. Niedźwiecki, M. Opalińska, P. Pandey, A. Pandey, S. Parzych, A. Porcelli, B. Rachwał, M. Rädler, B. A. Spencer, A. Sowa-Staszczak, M. Skurzok, T. Szumlak, S. Tiwari, P. Tanty, K. T. Ardebili, E. Ł. Stępień, and P. Moskał.
†These authors contributed equally to this work.
abstract
Development of correction techniques for a J-PET scanner
M. Das, R. Bayerlein, S. Sharma, S. Parzych, S. Niedźwiecki, R. Badawi, E. Yitayew Beyene, N. Chug, C. Curceanu, E. Czerwiński, K. Valsan Eliyan, B. Głowa, A. Hubalewska-Dydejczyk, K. Kacprzak, T. Kaplanoglu, K. Kasperska, G. Korcyl, A. Khreptak, K. Kubat, D. Kumar, E. Lisowski, F. Lisowski, J. Mędrala-Sowa, S. Moyo, W. Mryka, M. Opalińska, P. Pandey, M. Rädler, M. Skurzok, A. Sowa-Staszczak, B. A. Spencer, P. Tanty, K. Tayefi Ardebili, A. Kunimmal Venadan, E. Stępień, P. Moskal
abstract
Objective: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a widely used medical imaging technique that allows for non-invasive imaging of metabolic processes. However, traditional PET scanners rely on costly inorganic scintillators, which limit their accessibility ? especially in light of emerging long axial field-of-view devices. The modular J-PET scanner, an innovative alternative, uses 50-cm long plastic scintillator strips, offering a cost-effective and modular solution. In this study, we develop and assess the PET data correction techniques required for quantitative image reconstruction. Methods: We present methods for attenuation correction, random coincidence correction using the Delayed Time Window (DTW) technique, and scatter correction based on Monte Carlo simulations. Phantom studies using the NEMA IQ phantom were performed to qualitatively evaluate these corrections. Results: The results demonstrate that our implemented corrections for attenuation, randoms, and scattered coincidences successfully improve the uniformity of tracer distribution in homogenous volumes and significantly reduce undesired activity in cold regions. Despite limitations in sensitivity and axial resolution, the applied correction techniques effectively enhance image quality, providing promising results for future applications. Conclusions: These findings highlight the potential of the modular J-PET system to offer affordable PET imaging and to pave the way towards a total-body PET scanner based on plastic scintillators. Future work will focus on quantitative validation and the implementation of these corrections for human subject imaging.
Performance evaluation of the modular J-PET detector in conventional PET imaging
M. Das , R. Bayerlein , S. Parzych, S. Sharma, R. D. Badawi , E. Y. Beyene, E. Czerwiński, , A. Hubalewska-Dydejczyk , T. Kaplanoglu, G. Korcyl, W. Mryka, S. Niedźwiecki, M. Opalińska, M. Rädler, M. Skurzok, B. A Spencer, P. Tanty, K. Tayefi Ardebili, P. Moskal, E.Ł. Stepien
2024 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS), Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) and Room Temperature Semiconductor Detector Conference (RTSD), Tampa, Florida, USA (26 October - 2 November 2024)
Evaluation of normalization and random coincidences corrections of clinical images obtained with the first PET from plastic scintillators
S. Parzych, A. Coussat, M. Das, W. Krzemień,1,2, E. Y. Beyene, E. Czerwiński, B. Głowa, A. Hubalewska-Dydejczyk, T. Kaplanoglu, G. Korcyl, W. Mryka, S. Niedźwiecki, M. Opalińska, M. Rädler, S. Sharma, M. Skurzok, A. Sowa-Staszczak, P. Tanty, K. Tayefi Ardebili, P. Moskal, E. Ł. Stępień
EANM24 - Annual Congress of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine
